| Maltese_Translators Translation in English<>Maltese. Co-operative based in Malta. |
| BOSLang_-_Bosnian_Translation_Services Translation from English to Bosnian. |
| Myanmars_Net Translation in English<>Myanmar(Burmese). Company based in Yangon, Myanmar. |
| Alfred_Wegener_Institute_for_Polar_and_Marine_Research Polar and Marine research are central themes of Global system and Environmental Science. |
| Cawthron_Institute,_Nelson,_New_Zealand An independent research institute working closely with the maritime industry on ballast water exchange, treatment and verification, hull fouling. NZ's specialists in harmful algal blooms. |
| Centre_for_Marine_Science_and_Technology_(CMST) CMST comprises a multi-skilled body of scientists and engineers committed to the development of technical ocean-related skills in Australia. |
| Cetena_S_p_A_ The official site of the Italian Research Center. The company promotes and carries out research activities in the maritime fields, particularly in shipbuilding and marine propulsion. |
| 3D_Imaging_Sonar Underwater Research Lab at Simon Fraser University (SFU) has been researching a new sonar imaging concept called Computed Angle-of-Arrival Transient Imaging (CAATI). |
| Danish_Maritime_Institute Ship/Offshore Model Tests, Wind Engineering for Buildings/Bridges, Shiphandling Simulation Courses, Naval Consultancy, CFD, Towing Tanks, Wind Tunnels, Marine Simulators and Software, Industrial Fluid |
| Danube_Research Research and consultancy work undertaken on all aspects of navigation on and regulation of the River Danube. |
| The_Hamburg_Ship_Model_Basin Providing services and assistance for all reasonable problems in marine hydrodynamics. |
| How_the_Panama_Canal_Works Explains how the Panama works by using Java Applet for the animation and photos. |
| Institute_of_Shipping_Economics_and_Logistics Presents the activities of ISL and its products in the areas of logistics systems, transport research and telematics as well as the participation in projects (including EU projects). |
| Irish_Marine_Institute Ireland's national agency with the following general functions : "to undertake, to co-ordinate, to promote and to assist in marine research and development and to provide such services related to mari |
| MARINTEK_Norway A research company in the SINTEF Group, does research and development in marine technology. Our list of clients includes leading national and international companies and authorities. |
| Maritime_Research_Institute_Netherlands A well-established independent research institute in hydrodynamics and nautical research. |
| Maritime_Security_and_Counter-Piracy_Research_Site This site is dedicated to serving commercial and recreational maritime interests. Our goal is to provide timely and relative maritime security subject matter. |
| Meanings_of_International_Maritime_Signal_Flags Pictures of signal flags, answering and numeric pennants - and their meaning explained. |
| National_Sea_Grant_Office Encourages the wise stewardship of our marine resources through research, education, outreach and technology transfer. Sea Grant is a partnership between the nation's universities and National Oceanic |
| RS_Research_Shipping_GmbH Provide services to the maritime research community. They are experienced in operating Research Vessels, conversion and new building for German and international clients for more than 10 years. |
| Ultramax_Corporation Offering process improvement with a methodology titled Dynamic Process Optimization for production, business and financial variables. |
| Nautical_Research_Guild NRG has been linking researchers, collectors, and builders of the highest quality ship models for fifty years. Members share a common dedication to learning about ships and maritime history through ac |
| Fullerene_International_Corporation Manufactures fullerenes. |
| Litmus_Nanotechnology Specializes in the production of ultra pure high quality nanostructure materials such as carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers. |
| Surrey_Nanosystems NanoGrowth CNT materials growth technologies for carbon nanotubes and silicon nanowire growth on substrates within a CMOS process window. |
| Bengali_Translation_Services Translation in English and Bengali. Agency based in the United States. |
| Armenian_Translators_Worldwide_Ltd_ Translation from English to Armenian. Company based in Yerevan, Armenia. |
| Aaron\'s_Translation_Service Specializing in tatoo, name, business documents, and personal letters. |
| Acculinks_Web_Design_and_Translation_Services Translation and web site translation for Chinese and English markets. Located in California, USA. |
| Addme_Web_Design Translation in English and Chinese. Based in Australia. |
| AERO_Translations Translation and interpreting in Chinese-English. Company based in Salt Lake City, United States. |
| Apec_Technologies Translation and web related services in Chinese-English-Chinese. Company based in Vancouver, BC, Canada. |
| Bai-Nien_Business_Services Translations in Chinese and English. Taiwan. |
| BBM_Enterprises Translation and interpretation in Chinese-English-Chinese. Company based in Louisa, VA, United States. |
| Beauhorse_Professional_Translation [Flash needed] Translation and certified translation in Chinese-English-Chinese. Company based in Hong Kong, China. Site in English and Chinese. |
| BiBytes Translation and localisation in English and all dialects of Chinese. Company based in Sichuan, People's Republic of China. |
| A_Billion_Bridges_Translation_Service Translation between English and Chinese. Don Rogalski and Toni Kuo, a co-operative based in Canada. |
| Chen_Translation Translation in English-Chinese-English. Freelancer based in the United States. |
| Chinese_Business_Card_Translation Chinese business card transaltion and printing. Based in Los Angeles, CA. |
| Chinese_Concept Offers English and Chinese translation, proof-reading and editing services. |
The Library of Congress >> Librarians, Archivists >> PreservationPreservation PagesAll Library Pages
Home >> Publications >> Collections Care and Conservation >> Concertina Book Instructions
Figure 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Covers Cut two pieces of decorative paper the width of your board; in our example 4 inches, and 1 1/2 times the height of your board, or for our example 9 inches, see Figure 2. 
Figure 2 Cut two pieces of stiff paper, this can be construction paper or kraft paper, or any paper of about that weight or a little heavier. You want something that won't wear too easily because this will be the cover of your book, see Figure 3. 
Figure 3 You will want an additional piece of this stiffer paper for the spine. It should be the height of your book and about half the width, or 2x6 inches for our example, see Figure 4. 
Figure 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cutting the Textblock Cut a single piece of paper the height of your book, 6 inches and as many times the width of your book as you desire, see Figure 5. So for example, a book with two pages requires a length of 4 times the width of your book (16 inches for a 4 inch book.) If you continue to use multiples of 4 it will be much easier to fold your pages. If you want multiples of your 4 inch book, you would use 16 or 32 or 48inches. If you wish to use multiple pieces that are glued follow the instructions in Figure 6. 
Figure 5 
Figure 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assembling your Book Once you have prepared your materials; you are ready to start folding. Using your board as a guide, set the board in the middle of your decorative paper with the good side down and the board on top. Use a bone folder to score the paper just at the end of the board and fold up. Make a good crease and then with the board snug against this crease fold the paper over the board so that the board is sandwiched between the sheet. Do this on both ends so that the board is inside and the decorative sheet is wrapped around the board. Set the decorative paper aside and do the same thing with the stiffer paper, wrapping it snugly around the board and creating two creases for each edge you wrap around. To assemble the covers wrap the sheets around the board and use the sheets to cover up the fold over parts. Make the last fold the decorative paper and fold it into the space between the board and the stiff paper. Press the paper and board to make a snug fit. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Folding the Textblock Fold your long sheet of textblock in half. Fold each half into the middle using the crease as the edge to fit against the end for a marker, see Figure 7. Now fold out one of those sheets and fold it to the center, being careful to keep your edges even. Fold over the tail again using the edge to keep your folds even. Do the same with the other side. You should have a mountain/valley fold sequence with each flat surface, (Figure 8) the size of your board. Or continue folding in half until you do have the flat surface the size of your board. 
Figure 7 
Figure 8 Take the textblock and slide one end into the space between the stiff paper and the board. Do the same with the other board. You have a concertina book! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Spine Finally, take the spine piece and fold it just off center, then using your book as a gauge fold again just the thickness of your book. Cut off just a bit of the edges at a slant so that the tails will slide between the boards and the textblock, covering the textblock fold on one side with your spine sheet, (Figure 9). You have a western style book! 
Figure 9 Sometimes this structure is called a secret diary because with the spine piece in place you can hide the text of half your book, and with the spine piece removed you expose that side of your textblock for writing your secret thoughts. You can also use this structure for a fold up or standup photo album by making slits in your sheets and sliding in pictures. You should use a stiffer, heavier paper for your textblock to support the weight of your photos. Home >> Publications >> Collections Care and Conservation >> Concertina Book Instructions The Library of Congress >> Librarians, Archivists >> PreservationOctober 18, 2006Ask a Librarian 